If he did exist, he is thought to have lived in the 6th century BCE. The historian Durant writes, “Lao-Tze, greatest of the pre-Confucian philosophers, was wiser than Teng Shih he knew the wisdom of silence, and lived, we may be sure, to a ripe old age – though we are not sure that he lived at all” (652). The name by which he is known is not a personal name but an honorific title meaning `Old Man’ or `Old Teacher’ and there has been countless speculation as to whether an individual by that name ever existed or whether Lao-Tzu is an amalgam of many different philosophers. The historical Laozi, if he existed, may have been. Legends about his life abound, but little or no certain information survives.
Laozi served as a keeper of archival records at the court of Zhou. His surname was Li his given name was Er, and he was also called Dan. He is traditionally named as the author of the Daodejing, though modern scholars hold that the work had more than one author. Laozi was a native of Chu, according to the Shiji, a southern state in the Zhou dynasty (see map and discussion in Loewe and Shaughnessy 1999, 594 and 597). He is best known as the author of the Tao-Te-Ching, the work which exemplifies his thought. Laozi, or Lao-tzu, (flourished 6th century bc, China), First philosopher of Chinese Daoism. Legalism is a theory of autocratic, centralized rule and harsh penalties. Daoism was a philosophy of universal harmony that urged its practitioners not to get too involved in worldly affairs. Confucianism is an ethic of moral uprightness, social order, and filial responsibility.
Lao-Tzu (also known as Laozi or Lao-Tze) was a Chinese philosopher credited with founding the philosophical system of Taoism. First, I want to clarify the definitions of those words. Three competing belief systems (Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism) came to prominence during the Warring States period of Chinese history. Watch your character it becomes your destiny." Lao-Tze on How Thoughts Translate into Destiny 07-14-2015
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